8-108研究生:葉明華 (Mine Hwa Jay)

指導教授: 陳木金 博士
學位類別: 碩士
校院名稱: 國立台北師範學院
系所名稱: 國民教育研究所
學號: 8699021
學年度: 89
語文別: 中文

論文題目及摘要(中文)

國民小學運用團隊型組織與學校效能關係之研究

本研究主要目的在探討團隊型組織的理論要點和建立方式，及目前國民小學運用團隊
型組織的現況分析，並調查國民小學運用團隊型組織與學校效能表現的關係。據此提出研
究結果與建議，以供國民小學運用團隊型組織的參考。
　　本研究主要以文獻分析和問卷調查為主，並佐以實務訪談分析，以了解團隊型組織的
理論基礎及相關組織理論、團隊型組織的特性、建立的過程、目前學校運用的方式，及學
校效能的相關理論。其次根據文獻分析的結果，編製「國民小學行政運作現況調查問卷」
進行調查研究，以了解國民小學運用團隊型組織和學校效能表現的現況，並探究二者之間
的相關和影響情形。最後根據文獻分析和調查研究之結果，提出本研究之結論與建議。
　　本研究調查對象為北部五縣市(台北市、台北縣、桃園縣、基隆市、宜蘭縣)之公立國
民小學現職教育人員(包含校長、主任、組長、級任科任教師)，抽取78所學校為樣本，共
發出780份問卷，實得有效樣本數為613份，將所得資料以SPSS for windows 8.0統計套裝
軟體進行統計分析，透過平均數、百分比、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、單因子多變項變異
數分析、典型相關等統計方法，綜合歸納為以下結論:
一.　國民小學現職教育人員在運用團隊型組織的表現上，以「互動與溝通」的技巧最常運
用，顯示國小學校組織成員重視不同技能、經驗、及訊息的互動與溝通。而以「參與和授
權」的表現最低，顯示目前國小教育人員在參與團隊運作和獲得必要的權力來作決定仍有
待加強。在人員的背景變項上，以男性教師、服務年資高、擔任校長、主任職務者較常運
用團隊運作的方式。
二.　目前國民小學的效能表現皆屬中上水準，其中以「課程與教學」的表現較佳；而以「
學生學習表現」的得分較低，顯示目前國小教師所知覺的學生學習表現較低，學生之學業
成就較不被教師所接受，其學業表現仍需加強。而其中以男性教師、服務年資高、擔任校
長、主任職務者、和位於鄉間學校的效能表現較佳。
三.　國民小學運用團隊型組織與學校效能二者有顯著的正相關，顯示國民小學運用團隊型
組織對學校效能有正面的作用。
四.　運用團隊型組織高得分組，其學校效能的表現上也明顯的優於中分組、低分組；而中
分組也優於低分組的人員。顯示學校運用團隊型組織程度知覺較高的小學教育人員，對學
校效能的表現也持比較高的評價。
五.　國民小學運用團隊型組織對學校效能的影響上，學校運用團隊型組織時愈不講究參與
和授權、專門技能、分工合作、互動與溝通，其學校效能在校長領導、學生學業表現、教
學環境、課程與教學、學生行為表現、設備狀況的表現也愈低。
　　另根據上述結論，提出以下幾點建議，以作為國民小學運用團隊型組織、提昇學校效
能的參考。
一.　對教育行政機關的建議:
(一). 定期舉辦教育人員團隊組織訓練與團隊建立等研習活動，以增進學校行政人員與教
師有關運用團隊型組織的技能。
(二).逐步建立學校行政業務由專任行政人員擔任之制度。
二.　對國民小學的建議:
(一).建議國民小學考量學校教師背景與學校環境的特性，採用適當的建立團隊方式。
(二).適當調整學校教師輪任學校行政工作，以增加教師團隊運作之經驗，並能對學校整
體表現有適當之體認。
(三).多鼓勵學校教師成立各種校務行政團隊與教學團隊。
(四).對各項團隊之運作，能給予適度的授權，使教師有獨立自主決定的能力。
三.　對教師之建議:
(一).教師應對團隊組織有較多之認識，能以團隊運作方式改進教學、增進學校效能表現
。
(二).資淺教師能參與有經驗教師之互動團隊，並多參加研習活動。
四.　對未來研究之建議:
(一).在研究方法上:以質性研究的方式來印證和增進量化研究之不足。
(二).在研究架構上:增加一些團隊組織的研究面向來增進了解團隊運作的因素。
(三).在研究對象方面:增加研究對象的範圍，以普遍了解目前學校行政組織運用團隊型組
織的現況。

論文題目及摘要(英文)

　　The purpose of this research is to discuss the theory and real practice of
“Team-based Organization”. We took elementary schools as our research
samples and investigated the correlation between theory and real practice.
Based on this research, we provided suggestions for elementary schools to
further employ the “Team-based Organization” theory.
　　In addition to the real interview to help this analysis, this research is
mainly based on documentary and questionnaire analyses. Based on the results
of documentary analysis, we designed a questionnaire to investigate the
performance and effectiveness of elementary schools when employing “ Team-
based Organization” concept. Our following conclusions and recommendations
reflected these statistic result and documentary analysis.
　　To obtain statistic results, we took 78 public elementary schools in the
northern Taiwan (including Taipei City, Taipei County, Taoyuan County, Keelung
City, and Ilan County) as our main samples. We issued 780 questionnaires and
obtained 613 effective samples from school staffs, including teachers,
principals, and administration staffs. Based on the above samples and the
software of SPSS for windows 8.0, we ran a series of statistics analysis,
including mean, percentage, T-test, ANOVA, MANOVA, canonical etc, to come out
with the following conclusions:
1.　 From the statistic, we found that existing school staffs employ “
interaction and communication” technique more frequently; they felt
comfortable to interact and communicate their experiences and information with
others. On the other hand , they recognized less on “Participation and
Authorization” technique that performance of school staffs can be enhanced by
encouraging more participation and by delegating more authorities. We also
found that male teachers, senior staffs, principals, and head staffs are the
groups that often employ “ Team-based Organization” concept.
2.　 We also learned that overall effectiveness of elementary education is
above average , especially in the category of “Curriculum and Teaching”;
while the rating on “Student Performance” is low, reflecting that
schoolteachers were not satisfied with students' performance and recognized
that students' performance need improvement. Male teachers, senior staffs,
principal, head staffs, and rural schools have better effectiveness in
education.
3.　 There is a positive correlation between school's education employing “
Team-based Organization” concept and school's education effectiveness,
implying that elementary school can implement　“ Team-based Organization”
principle to improve school effectiveness.
4.　 Schools that have more staffs cognitive in “ Team-based Organization”
concept obtained higher rating on school effectiveness.
5.　 Schools which are not emphasized on “ participation and Authorization”,
“Professional Expertise”, “Team work”, and “ interaction and communication
” have worse performance in school effectiveness such as “Principal
Leadership”, “Student Performance”, “Teaching Environment”, “Curriculum
and Teaching”, “ Student Behavior” and “School Equipment”.
　　According to the above conclusion, we provide following recommendations
for schools to employ “ Team-based Organization” concept and improve school
effectiveness:
1.　 Recommendation for educational administration
a.　 Regularly organize “ Team-based Organization” seminars for school
staffs and help them to employ techniques regarding “ Team-based Organization
”.
b.　 Establish the systems that fulltime administration staffs gradually run
administration work.
2.　 Recommendation for elementary schools
a.　 Each school should take its own approach to set up teams based on its
unique teacher backgrounds and school environment.
b.　 Properly rotate teachers for administration work in order to enhance
teachers' experiences in team operation and to have more knowledge on overall
school's performance.
c.　 Encourage teachers to organize different kinds of teaching and
administration teams.
d.　 Delegate proper authority to each team's operation and let teams have
independent power for decision.
3.　 Recommendation for schoolteachers
a.　 Teachers should have more knowledge on “ Team-based Organization”
concept and are able to improve their teaching and overall school effectiveness
by employing the concept.
b.　 Junior teachers should participate in and interact with teams that have
experienced teachers, and often take part in relate seminars and activities.
4.　 Recommendation for future studies
a.　 Regarding the methodology, use more qualitative analysis to enhance
research results and to reprove previous quantitative analysis.
b.　 Regarding the research structure, find out more characteristics about the
“ Team-based Organization” concept　in　order to better understand how team
organization works.
c.　 Broaden the research subjects in order to have comprehensive understanding
on how school administration employs “ Team-based Organization” concept.

關鍵字：

1.團隊型組織 team-based organization
2.學校效能 school effectiveness