8-103研究生:戴振浩

指導教授: 陳木金 博士
學位類別: 碩士
校院名稱: 國立台北師範學院
系所名稱: 國民教育研究所
學號: 8881021
學年度: 89
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 211

論文題目及摘要(中文)

國民小學男女校長領導特質與學校效能影響之研究

本研究的主要目的是探討國民小學男女校長領導特質和學校效能的現況及其相互的影響，
分別由不同的背景變項和學校情境變項加以比較分析。
本研究採文獻分析、問卷調查與諮商訪談等研究方法。首先透過文獻分析，確立研究理論
基礎及編製研究問卷依據，再參酌實務工作者的諮商訪談後，編製成研究工具「校長領導
特質問卷」及「學校效能問卷」。
本研究預試及正式調查問卷，總計抽樣選取台北縣、桃園縣各50所公立國民小學，選
出1000個樣本，填答「國民小學男女校長領導特質與學校效能問卷」。本研究分別以因數
分析、描述統計、積差相關分析、信度分析、變異數分析與事後多重比較、線性結構相關
分析（LISREL）等統計方法，對回收的研究資料進行分析。
依據調查結果分析，主要發現如下：
一、國民小學教師所知覺的男校長領導特質中，以身心品德最高，督導能力最低。
二、國民小學教師所知覺的女校長領導特質中，以人際關係最高，督導能力最低。
三、國民小學教師所知覺的男校長學校效能中，以校園環境最高，績效管理最低。
四、國民小學教師所知覺的女校長學校效能中，以校園環境最高，以學校氣氛較低。
五、年紀較長的教師對於校長領導特質的評價高於30歲以下的教師。
六、教師兼主任對於校長決定能力和督導能力的評價，高於級任教師。
七、學校歷史在10年以下的教師，對於校長的身心品德、專業知能、決定能力的評價高於
學校歷史在11年以上之教師。
八、41-50歲的教師對於校長經營學校中的學校發展、校園環境、學校氣氛的評價高於30歲
以下的教師。
九、專科畢業的教師對於校長學校效能中的學校設備評價高於大學（學院）畢業的教師。
十、教師兼主任對於校長學校效能中的學校發展、學校設備、學校氣氛、教師教學、社區
關係的評價，高於級任教師。
十一、學校規模低於12班以下的教師，對於校長學校效能中的學校發展、學校氣氛的評價
，高於學校規模在13-24班的教師。同時在課程設計的評價亦高於學校規模在72班以上的教
師。
十二、學校歷史在10年以下之教師，對於校長學校效能中的課程設計、績效管理的評價高
於學校歷史在21-30年的教師。
根據本研究之結果，提出以下幾項建議，提供教育行政機關、國民小學校長、國民小學教
師及未來研究的參考。
壹、對教育行政機關的建議
一、辦理校長進修時，多增加績效管理課程。
二、辦理校長遴選過程中，性別不是必要考慮的因素。
三、注重校長專業進修研習，充實領導特質內涵，祈能增益學校效能。
貳、對國民小學校長的建議
一、校長性別不是影響學校發展或學校經營方向的因素，校長應去除先入為主的觀念。
二、男校長應加強績效管理與督導能力，並多與30歲以下的教師溝通。
三、女校長應將強學校氣氛與督導能力的經營，亦應多與30歲以下的教師多溝通。
參、對教師的建議
一、年輕教師應多參與校務運作，祈能對學校行政有更多的了解。
二、教師若經歷科任、級任、行政的歷練，會更有助於對整體教育的認知。
肆、對未來相關研究的建議
一、請校長填答問卷的份數，可酌予增加。
二、本研究以台北縣、桃園縣公立國民小學為對象，將來若能增加私立國民小學及其他地
區為研究對象，結果當更具推論性。
三、本研究方法以問卷調查法為主，文獻分析法為輔，可再增加質的研究內涵，蒐集更深
入的資料。

論文題目及摘要(英文)

A study of the Elementary School Man and Woman
Principals' Leadership Traits and School Effectiveness

This study inquires into the reality of the leadership traits of
elementary school man and woman principals, and their impact on school
effectiveness The study is a comparative analysis based on background
variables and situation variables.
　　 The approach of this study adopts literature review, query survey, and
consultation interview.　By way of literature review, it firstly establishes
the theory basis and compiles the query survey for research.　Then, after
having taken the consultation interviews of the practitioners for reference,
this study issues two query surveys: “Questionnaire of the Principals'
Leadership Traits,” and “Questionnaire of School Effectiveness.”
　　 In its preparatory and formal query surveys, this study sampled, from
among 50 public elementary schools in Taipei and Taoyuan Counties respectively,
1000 samples which pass back the Questionnaire of “The Leadership Traits of
Elementary School Man and Woman Principals, “ and Questionnaire of “School
Effectiveness.”　This study analyzes the recycled data by using the
statistical methods of factor analysis, descriptive statistics, product-moment
correlation analysis, reliability analysis, analysis of variance, multiple
comparison, and LISREL Linear Structure Correlation Analysis.
　　 After the investigation, we discover that:
1) Among the leadership traits of man-principals, the teachers' perception of
personality and moral qualities ranks the highest degree, while the perception
of supervision abilities ranks the lowest.
2) Among the leadership traits of woman-principals, the teachers' perception
of human relations ranks the highest, while that of supervision abilities
ranks the lowest.
3) Among the school effectiveness of man-principals, the teachers' perception
of the campus milieu ranks the highest, while that of accountability, the
lowest.
4) Among the school effectiveness of woman-principals, the teachers'
perception of the campus milieu ranks the highest, while that of the campus
atmosphere the lowest.
5) Elder teachers give higher esteem in the evaluation of the principals'
leadership than teachers aging under 30.
6) Teachers with part-time jobs as directors give higher esteem in the
evaluation of the principals' abilities in decision-making and in supervision
than class teachers.
7) Teachers teaching in the school for less than 10 years give higher esteem
in the physical and moral qualities, specialties, and decision-making
abilities of the principals than teachers teaching more than 11 years in the
same school.
8) Teachers aging from 41 to 50 give higher esteem in the aspects of the
principals' management of the school: school development, campus environments,
school atmosphere, than teachers aging under 30.
9) Teachers graduated from junior colleges give higher esteem in the school
facilities than teachers graduated from universities (colleges).
10) Teachers with part-time jobs as directors give higher esteem in the
aspects of the principals' management of the school: school development,
school facilities, school atmosphere, teachers' teaching qualities, community
relations, than class teachers.
11) Teachers in schools smaller than 12 classes give higher esteem in the
aspects of the principals' management of the school: school development,
school atmosphere, than teachers of schools of 13-24 classes; meanwhile, they
give higher esteem in the curriculum design than teachers of schools larger
than 72 classes.
12) Teachers teaching in the school shorter than 10 years give higher esteem
in the aspects of the principals' management of the school; curriculum
design, accountability, than teachers teaching in the same school of 21-30
years.
　 Based on the results of our research, we hereby propose some suggestions to
the administrative institutes of education of all levels, to the elementary
school principals, teachers, and future researchers for their reference.
1) Suggestions Made to the Administrative Institutes of Education
a)We must add more course requirements on “accountability” for the principals
' in service further study.
b)Gender is not a necessary element in electing principals.
c)We must strengthen the study program for advancing principals' specialty,
especially for upgrading the leadership qualities.
2) Suggestions Made to the Elementary School Principals
a)Gender in not the element which may affect school development or directions
of school management; therefore, principals must rid themselves of any
preoccupations of this kind.
b)Man-principals are to enhance accountability and supervision abilities, and
to improve the communication skills with teachers younger than 30 years old.
c)Woman principals are to strengthen supervision abilities and foster better
school atmosphere, and to improve communication skills with teachers younger
than 30 years old.
3) Suggestions Made to Teachers
a)Young teachers are to participate more actively in the school administration,
in order to understand more closely the administrative realities.
b)Teachers should be given more opportunities to be subject-teachers, class
teachers, and to be in charge of administrative duties, so that they may gain
better knowledge of the educational system as a whole.
4) Suggestions Made to the Future Related Studies
a)Copies of the questionnaires for principals can be increased a bit more.
b)This study takes as its study objects the public elementary schools in
Taipei and Taoyuan Counties only.　If future researchers can enlarge the scope
to cover private elementary schools and other areas as well, the results could
be more satisfactory.
c)This study uses query survey as main tool and literature review as
subordinate tool for research.　In the future, researchers are suggested to
collect more in-depth data by way of exploring into more substantial subject
matters.

關鍵字：

1.國民小學校長 Elementary School Principals
2.國民小學教師 Elementary School Teachers
3.領導特質 Leadership Features
4.學校效能 School Effectiveness